Keeping Mine Sites Connected: How VHF is Redefining Communication Standards in Mining

Mining environments present numerous challenges for communication systems. These challenges hinder operational efficiency and jeopardise safety.

Many mining sites are in isolated areas, far from traditional communication infrastructure. The sheer scale of mining operations as well as the rugged and unforgiving terrain, including underground tunnels, deep pits, and rocky landscapes, can disrupt signal transmission.

Mines are inherently dangerous places, with risks such as cave-ins, explosions, dust, and harmful toxins. End-users can encounter issues such as signal degradation, limited coverage, and difficulty in maintaining connectivity, particularly in remote or underground settings.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) poses a common challenge in mining. Heavy machinery and equipment emit EMI, disrupting wireless communication signals. This interference is particularly pronounced in underground mines due to the higher density of equipment.

Another issue is multipath propagation, where radio waves bounce off surfaces like walls and machinery, creating multiple signal paths. In underground mines with reflective surfaces, this phenomenon causes signal distortion and fading, impeding reliable communication.

Compliance with safety regulations is critical. Regulatory bodies like the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) set standards to ensure safe operations. These regulations may limit transmitter power levels, dictate antenna installations, and regulate frequency usage to minimise interference and uphold worker safety.

Communication systems in the mining industry have significantly advanced and choosing the right frequency for the unique demands of the mining operation is crucial.

Very High Frequency (VHF) (136-174 MHz) systems offer distinct advantages tailored to the challenges of mining operations.

• Above ground, VHF signals travel longer distances in open areas, offering a cost-effective and powerful communication solution with clear audio even in noisy or harsh conditions.
• Below ground, the ability to propagate signals effectively in tunnels via leaky feeder makes it well-suited for intricate underground networks where safety is of utmost importance.

VHF TETRA presents an ideal solution for large-scale mining environments by consolidating multiple networks into one single system that operates seamlessly above and below ground.

The mining environment poses numerous risks, from heavy machinery to dirt, dust, and explosive materials. Engineered to withstand such rigours, a VHF TETRA system is highly robust and resistant to interference.

One of the most significant benefits is improved safety. VHF TETRA provides reliable and instant communication channels. Whether alerting personnel to evacuate hazardous areas or coordinating rescue efforts, VHF TETRA is reliable and ensures that crucial messages are conveyed without delay.

Understanding the importance of effective communication in challenging environments, industry leaders have turned to advanced technologies like TETRA to overcome these challenges. VHF (Very High Frequency) TETRA has emerged as a game-changer, offering extended coverage and unparalleled reliability in the most demanding mining environments worldwide.

This article explores the role of VHF in mining operations and how the introduction of VHF is redefining communication standards in the industry.

With the SC Series, organisations can establish a robust VHF TETRA solution, benefiting from several key advantages.

Firstly, a VHF solution offers enhanced coverage, particularly in expansive outdoor areas and underground tunnels using leaky feeder, and complex terrains. This superior coverage overcomes the limitations often faced by communication systems that use UHF or higher frequencies. It also streamlines infrastructure requirements as fewer communication sites are needed, resulting in reduced setup and maintenance costs. Deployment across sites is much quicker and more efficient.

Integrated GNSS location services further enhance the solution's capabilities. These services allow for tracking, triggers, and emergency response, enhancing situational awareness and overall safety.

The rugged design of the SC Series ensures reliability in challenging environments. Built to endure mining conditions, with magnetic shielding to reduce metal dust build-up, the radios also feature water and dust-resistant technology. The radio’s inherent haptics are specifically designed to facilitate easy operation even with gloved hands, ensuring reliable performance in all conditions.

The system is versatile with access to various communication modes like SMS, SDS, direct (DMO), trunked (TMO), and gateway and DMO REPEATER operation. Advanced security measures, including encryption and authentication features, ensure the confidentiality and integrity of communications, addressing concerns around data security.

Emergency response capability is prioritised with features like Man-Down and Lone Worker, which detect emergencies and ensure prompt response, enhancing worker safety. Mobile gateway coverage extends connectivity to dead spots, ensuring connectivity even in remote areas where traditional coverage may be lacking.

Talk groups allow for simultaneous communication within individual teams. Concurrent voice and data communications allow for real-time information sharing between field staff and control rooms, improving operational efficiency and coordination.

AppSPACE links teams, devices, and systems by transmitting operational data across TETRA, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. This connectivity allows for streamlined workflows and ensures that crucial situational awareness information reaches the appropriate individuals quickly. AppSPACE, allows customised applications to be added to radios already in the field without disrupting any critical TETRA communications.

Features like the SmartView app for locating individuals in emergencies and the AutoMate app for automating tasks help mining companies streamline processes, improve worker safety, and protect valuable assets. RadioAsset allows for real-time management of radio fleets, letting fleet managers access crucial information such as software versions and battery manufacture dates providing valuable maintenance information of the fleet as well as the ability to run an audit to keep track of the products.

Finally, wireless programming capabilities, such as Over-the-Air Programming (OTAP), enable secure configuration updates and asset management over approved Wi-Fi networks. This simplifies maintenance and upgrades, contributing to overall system reliability.

Despite their advanced capabilities, a VHF communication system is a cost-effective solution. It streamlines communication workflows maximising coordination between teams, departments, and contractors, and optimising productivity, and resource utilisation in mining operations.

With minimal infrastructure requirements and maintenance, VHF technology is a sustainable and economical choice for long-term deployment.

As a supplier of critical communication radio equipment for over 20 years, Sepura understands the technology and the unique needs of the mining industry. Sepura’s products are designed to enable communication whether deep underground or at the edge of the mine site.

The longer range of signal propagation at VHF frequencies combined with the reliability, security, and mission-critical protocols of TETRA plus the powerful audio processing of the SC Series radios proves an ideal solution for complete and reliable coverage in dangerous environments where safety is critical.

Mining operations face unique challenges due to their hazardous work environments, remote locations, and challenging terrains. Building a reliable communication network serves as a lifeline that can connect miners, protect lives, and improve operational efficiency. With its unparalleled performance in challenging environments, VHF Tetra is a crucial tool for mining companies looking to manage the intricacies of mining operations confidently and reliably.

Find out more about Sepura's solutions for the mining industry.